It was once a member of an open cluster, but has since become gravitationally unbound from the cluster. The projected rotational velocity is a relatively low 16km/s,[16] which does not produce any significant flattening of its disk. The 1st-century poet Marcus Manilius described it as "sea-blue", as did the 4th-century Avienius. One of the reasons it appears so bright is because it is one of the closest stars to us. When you look up to the night sky, you will see Sirius, but you will not be able to make this smaller companion without using visual aids, e.g. Sirius B's effective temperature is 25,000 Kelvin which is hotter than our own Sun's effective temperature, which is 5,777 Kelvin. [46] It is now known to have a parallax of nearly 0.4arcseconds. II. [116] In the astrology of the Middle Ages, Sirius was a Behenian fixed star,[117] associated with beryl and juniper. 1. Semi-major axis in AU =semimajor axis in seconds / parallax =7.56 / 0.37921 =19.8AU; as the eccentricity is 0.6, the distance fluctuates between 40% and 160% of that, roughly from 8 AU to 32 AU. In that year, Sirius will come to within 1.6 degrees of the south celestial pole. Based on the star's spectral type (DA2), Sirius B's colour is white. But the brightness imbalance is staggering. Sirius A, only 8.6 light-years from Earth, is the fifth closest star system known. Our own Sun is the brightest star and therefore has the lowest of all magnitudes, -26.74. Before that, take a look to the west (to the right) of Sirius, and observe the large constellation of Orion. the pair moved apart, making them easier to separate with a telescope. [89] It is calculated that SiriusA will have completely exhausted the store of hydrogen at its core within a billion (109)years of its formation, and will then evolve away from the main sequence. Even in good seeing, itll wink in and out of existence. At the time of the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in the year 1582, its culmination occurred 17 minutes before midnight into the new year under the assumption of a constant motion. After you know what time to observe, go outside and look south. The map was generated using Night Vision, a great free application by Brian Simpson. L sun = 3.9 x 10 26 W We will often measure luminosities of stars in units of the luminosity. Try the highest magnification available, then back off a little if things are too fuzzy. Read more about the double stars Sirius and Albireo here. , In Iranian mythology, especially in Persian mythology and in Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Persia, Sirius appears as Tishtrya and is revered as the rain-maker divinity (Tishtar of New Persian poetry). [68][69], The possibility that stellar evolution of either SiriusA or SiriusB could be responsible for this discrepancy has been rejected by astronomers on the grounds that the timescale of thousands of years is much too short and that there is no sign of the nebulosity in the system that would be expected had such a change taken place. [152] Dante and John Milton reference the star, and it is the "powerful western fallen star" of Walt Whitman's "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", while Tennyson's poem The Princess describes the star's scintillation: the fiery Sirius alters hue A number represents a stars magnitude, whether apparent/visual or absolute. The other two are the Hyades and the Pleiades, and each of these clusters consists of hundreds of stars. (3) Stars have a wide range of radii. [115] In Scandinavia, the star has been known as Lokabrenna ("burning done by Loki", or "Loki's torch"). sirius b luminosity in comparison to sun Luminosity is the amount of energy that a star pumps out and its relative to the amount that our star, the Sun gives out. Sirius B is a companion star to the brighter star Sirius which is the brightest star in the night sky. Read about thermal issues at here and here. You can see it using even small amateur telescopes. Procyon is almost seven times brighter than our sun, having 6.93 solar luminosities. No one has visited Sirius B, and we have no probes on a rendezvous with the star. Another example: Sirius: Brightest Star in the Sky. Comments may be merged or altered slightly, such as if it contains an email or website address. Def. The star is designated Canis Majoris, Latinized to Alpha Canis Majoris, and abbreviated CMa or AlphaCMa. [58] He described Sirius as reddish, along with five other stars, Betelgeuse, Antares, Aldebaran, Arcturus, and Pollux, all of which are at present observed to be of orange or red hue. SOLUTION: We imagine having them . The Latin text taught readers how to determine the times of nighttime prayers from positions of the stars, and a bright star described as rubeola ("reddish") was claimed to be Sirius. The solar corona is photographed between 1901-2. Credit: Popular Science Monthly Volume 60. Sirius, Alpha Canis Majoris ( CMa), is the brightest star in the night sky and one of the nearest star systems to Earth. Based on separation alone (3 to 11 arc seconds), it should be an easy double to split. [133][134], Doubts have been raised about the validity of Griaule and Dieterlein's work. The Declination (Latitude) is how far north or south the object is compared to the celestial equator and is expressed in degrees. That is, we might say for a certain star L star = 5.2 x L sun, meaning that the star has 5.2 times the energy output per second of the Sun. The bright stars Aldebaran, Arcturus and Sirius were noted to have moved significantly; Sirius had progressed about 30 arcminutes (about the diameter of the Moon) to the southwest. While it passed through the red giant stage, SiriusB may have enriched the metallicity of its companion, explaining the very high metallicity of SiriusA. Density = 1.015E-8 The temperature of the Sun is approximately 5800 K and the temperature of the star Sirius A, the larger star of the Sirius binary, is approximately 10,000 K. The luminosity of Sirius A is about 23 times that of the Sun. Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784 - 1846), a German astronomer and mathematician, was studying the irregular positioning of Sirius and was convinced that something unseen was dragging the star off position. [52], In 1915, Walter Sydney Adams, using a 60-inch (1.5m) reflector at Mount Wilson Observatory, observed the spectrum of SiriusB and determined that it was a faint whitish star. [41], In his 1698 book, Cosmotheoros, Christiaan Huygens estimated the distance to Sirius at 27,664times the distance from the Earth to the Sun (about 0.437light-year, translating to a parallax of roughly 7.5arcseconds). Is Sirius B bigger than the Sun? In case you're wondering, Sirius B is not located within the Solar System, and there is only one star in the Solar System, the Sun. There are many techniques and tools for collimation. [73] Because of its declination of roughly 17, Sirius is a circumpolar star from latitudes south of 73S. From the Southern Hemisphere in early July, Sirius can be seen in both the evening where it sets after the Sun and in the morning where it rises before the Sun. The brightest star seen from Earth, Sirius is recorded in some of the earliest astronomical records. It's luminosity is 22.4 (22.4 times that of our sun). Sirius B does not have twice the Sun's mass, or it would be a neutron star. To Greek observers, this signified emanations that caused its malignant influence. He concluded that Sirius was receding from the Solar System at about 40km/s. The Hipparcos parallax for Sirius is only accurate to about 0.04light years, giving a distance of 8.6light years. I", "Mass-luminosity relation of intermediate-mass stars", "Gaia Data Release 3. ' The figure of 1.938 comes from the Vizier online catalogue. The Cherokee paired Sirius with Antares as a dog-star guardian of either end of the "Path of Souls". [93], SiriusA is classed as a type Am star, because the spectrum shows deep metallic absorption lines,[94] indicating an enhancement of its surface layers in elements heavier than helium, such as iron. Basically, Sirius B is the white-hot dead body of a formerly large and very active star. If you live in the Northern Hemisphere, in the temperate zone, the best time to attempt observing Sirius B is in winter, January and February for the most part. The core became convective and used the CNO cycle for energy generation. A 1995 study concluded that such a companion likely exists, with a mass of roughly 0.05solar massa small red dwarf or large brown dwarf, with an apparent magnitude of more than 15, and less than 3 arcseconds from Sirius A. The list below may not include all the stars, only those that are recorded on this site. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, What is Sirius B's luminosity compared to the sun, Explain why quickly eating a lot of candy can make you feel ill from a temporary drop in blood sugar levels. This star would be five to ten magnitudes fainter than the white dwarf SiriusB, which would make it difficult to observe. A typical white dwarf has a mass equal to 0.5-0.6 solar masses. , deposition rates and results in each stream scenario? If you cant see Rigel B, either seeing is so bad or your scope is so out of whack that theres no point to even try to see Sirius B. This companion star, Sirius B, is about as massive as the Sun, though much more condensed, and was the first white dwarf star to be discovered. For example, a red star can be large or small. 0.5 Two and one-half 50.09year orbits following the periastron epoch of 1894.13 gives a date of 2019.34. Step-by-step solution. [70] Alternative explanations are either that the description as red is a poetic metaphor for ill fortune, or that the dramatic scintillations of the star when rising left the viewer with the impression that it was red. Further north, the Alaskan Inuit of the Bering Strait called it "Moon Dog". Sirius is only 8.6 light years away from Earth and is the 7th nearest star to our Solar System. Based on the star's spectral type of DA2, Sirius B's colour and type is white white dwarf. R_ {\bigodot} = \text {695,700 km} R. Coins retrieved from the island from the 3rdcentury BC feature dogs or stars with emanating rays, highlighting Sirius's importance. But if its been a year or more since the last mirror clean-up, its time to give it a bath. b. TERRAIN /= To make the comparison among stars easy, astronomers express the luminosity of other stars in terms of the Sun's luminosity. [65][66], In 1985, German astronomers Wolfhard Schlosser and Werner Bergmann published an account of an 8th-century Lombardic manuscript, which contains De cursu stellarum ratio by St.Gregory of Tours. It is a main-sequence hydrogen-fusing dwarf (luminosity class V) star like the Sun, but its spectral type is A1so its surface temperature is about 9,880 K, much hotter than the Sun's. Sirius rotates in less than 5.5 days (at least five times faster than the Sun), with a minimum equatorial speed of 16 kilometers per second. Heres how to see its small companion, Sirius B, or the Pup, which orbits the larger primary star. 10#8(27000)4 $ %& ' () 1/2 = 5.6! In any case, dont worry. Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. [92] It will pass through a red giant stage and eventually become a white dwarf. Sirius A Luminosity: 25 x Sun Sirius B Luminosity: 3% of Sun Sirius A Diameter: Approx 1.5 million miles (2.4 million km) - 171% x Sun Sirius B Diameter: Approx 7,300 miles (11,800 km) - 92% x Earth Sirius A Temperature: Approx 10,000C (18,000F) Sirius B Temperature: Approx 25,000C (45,000F) Age of System: Approx 240 million years old It is predictable to some extent. Sirius B's solar mass is 1.018 times that of our star, the Sun. Reprinted with permission. [127] The verse is: " ", "That He is the Lord of Sirius (the Mighty Star)." [118], Many cultures have historically attached special significance to Sirius, particularly in relation to dogs. Only when seeing is very good will you be able to see Sirius B for extended periods of time. ] [9] SiriusB is generally assumed to be at the same distance. [53] This led astronomers to conclude that it was a white dwarfthe second to be discovered. Sun = 4.8 m Sun = -26 M Sirius = 1.4 m Sirius = -1.46 M Betelgeuse = -5.6 m Betelgeuse = 0.50 Compare some stars: Which star looks brightest from Earth? Visual magnitude: -1.46 making it the brightest star in the night sky. Let's analyze Sun with this luminosity calculator to investigate its absolute and apparent magnitude. Capella B Star Type: G class giant star. Sirius A's apparent brightness can be attributed both to its inherent luminosity, 20 times that of the Sun, and its proximity. Seeing is great, Sirius is high in the sky, the telescope is in perfect shape now its time to look at Sirius, right? [125], Several cultures also associated the star with a bow and arrows. It is the most important factor. Brilliant Sirius A and its faint white dwarf companion, Sirius B. Gabriela and Fabio Carvalho. In March, you want to be ready as soon as the sky is dark enough. But keep trying, and eventually youll see it. Select Luminosity on the Arranged by menu. Seen from Earth, the separation between Sirius A and B varies between 3 and 11 arc seconds on a 50 year cycle. Sirius B is about as massive as the sun, but very small, about the same volume as the Earth. If you want to see the comparison between Sirius B and our star, the Sun, you will need a screen of at least 800px across. Orion's Dog they call it, brightest [11], In a letter dated 10August 1844, the German astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel deduced from changes in the proper motion of Sirius that it had an unseen companion. Sirius B is south of the Ecliptic. Known as "Tir", the star was portrayed as the arrow itself in later Persian culture. Sirius has a luminosity 25.4 times greater than the sun , but, because it is 8.6 light years away, its apparent brightness is 12 billion times less than that of the sun. Try to memorize the distance between Rigel A and B, because its similar to the current distance between Sirius A and B. Sirius B: Right ascension: 06 h 45 m 09.0 s: Declination: 16 43 06 . On the above map, Betelgeuse is on top, bright and red. [104] This would be one of three large clusters located within 500 light-years (150pc) of the Sun. Sirius B age according to Hipparcos data files put the star at an age of about 0.228 billion years old but could be between 0.218 and 0.238 billion years old. As a result, when we observe them from Earth, Sirius B appears to describe an ellipse around Sirius A with a period of 50 years. There are closer stars to Earth, but they are Main Sequence Stars such as Rigil Kentaurus, our nearest Sun-like star. In the email will be a link to unsubscribe to further notifications. [6] When compared to the Sun, the proportion of iron in the atmosphere of SiriusA relative to hydrogen is given by Its not easy to spot but can be done if you follow certain guidelines. To give an idea of size, the Sun is 99.86% of the solar system's mass. Location: constellation Canis Major (i.e. [20] In Sanskrit it is known as Mrgavyadha "deer hunter", or Lubdhaka "hunter". This will give you the scale between the distances to Sirius and Sun where the brightness is equal - square root of their relative luminosity. Betelgeuse = 1800 Rsun Sirius = 1.7 Rsun Sun = 1 Rsun, by definition Companion of Sirius = 0.007 Rsun The largest known star has a radius 3700 times that of the Sun. Por ABC Color 24 de febrero de 2023 - 12:28 Eliana Caballero, funcionaria de la Essap despedida luego de . A comfortable chair helps you relax and breathe slowly. [71] From Earth, Sirius always appears dimmer than Jupiter and Venus, and at certain times also dimmer than Mercury and Mars. [85], In 2015, Vigan and colleagues used the VLT Survey Telescope to search for evidence of substellar companions, and were able to rule out the presence of giant planets 11times more massive than Jupiter at 0.5AU distance from SiriusA, 67times the mass of Jupiter at 12AU distance, and down to around 4times the mass of Jupiter at 10AU distance. Thank you! In extreme cases, a foaming dog might have rabies, which could infect and kill humans they had bitten. Sirius A is about 25 times brighter than our Sun, while Sirius B is only 3% as bright as the sun. A white dwarf forms after a star has evolved from the main sequence and then passed through a red giant stage. [31] Homer, in the Iliad, describes the approach of Achilles toward Troy in these words:[119]. Sirius B radius has been calculated as being 0.008 times bigger than the Sun. This creates a haze that reduces contrast. Then, choose a location nearest your place. The Sun's radius is 695,800km, therefore, the star's radius is an estimated 5,844.72.km. The Sun's Mass is 1,989,100,000,000,000,000,000 billion kg. It is a main sequence bluish-white dwarf star similar to our Sun but brighter and hotter. [98] The outer atmosphere of SiriusB is now almost pure hydrogenthe element with the lowest massand no other elements are seen in its spectrum. Sirius B is dim and faint compared to its companion, and was only discovered in 1862. = 695,700 km, and the temperature is. With a mass of 1.02M, it is almost double the 0.50.6M average. Sirius, also called Alpha Canis Majoris or the Dog Star, brightest star in the night sky, with apparent visual magnitude 1.46. Sirius rises late in the dark, liquid sky For example, the luminosity of Sirius is about 25 times that of the Sun. Actually Sirius provides more light than the Sun! To the naked eye, it often appears to be flashing with red, white, and blue hues when near the horizon. What is Sirius B's luminosity compared to the sun Get the answers you need, now! Oops! The Sun is a as a G2V type star, a yellow dwarf and a main sequence star. Also known by its Bayer designation Canis Majoris, Sirius is a hot spectral type A1V main sequence star with a luminosity that is 25 times that of the Sun. Organize: Position Aldebaran, Betelgeuse, Sirius B, Spica, the Sun, and Vega on the Gizmo's luminosity scale, Click the image, click Edit and mark these positions on the scale Alpha Centauri ( Cen) is a triple star system located in the constellation Centaurus.It is the nearest star system to the Sun and the third brightest point of light in the sky outside the solar system, after Sirius and Canopus.It outshines the northern luminaries Arcturus, Vega and Capella.With a combined apparent magnitude of -0.27, Alpha Centauri is also the brightest point of light in . Input the radius and temperature of the Sun into the calculator. Based on the location of Canis Major, Sirius B can be located in the southern hemisphere of the celestial sky. [51] Observations published in 2008 were unable to detect either a third star or a planet. [13] This is overlaid by an envelope of lighter elements, with the materials segregated by mass because of the high surface gravity. It was described as "burning" or "flaming" in literature. Next, look at the fourth row in the chart, the one called Seeing. When the chart is dark blue, that means good seeing. which to calculate using this website is too large. Comparison of Sirius A and the Sun, to scale and relative surface brightness. Origin / Mythology. Sometimes the eye is covered in excess fluid (tears, basically) which blurs the image. Sirius is gradually moving closer to the Solar System; it is expected to increase in brightness slightly over the next 60,000years to reach a peak magnitude of 1.68. but from the Earth's vantage point, the greatest observational separation will occur in 2023, with an angular separation of 11.333. This is due to precession and proper motion of Sirius itself which moves slowly in the SSW direction. According to the Hipparcos Catalogue, the star is an estimated 228 million years old but could be as young as 218 to 238. [77] Apoastron occurred in 2019,[d] did the following affect the erosion and Sirius B, however, is an entirely different body. Chemicals and Drugs 128. alpha 1-Antitrypsin Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit Phosphoproteins alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Integrin alpha3beta1 Integrin alpha4 Integrin alpha6 Integrin alpha5beta1 Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme Integrin alpha4beta1 Integrin alpha2beta1 Interleukin-1alpha Integrin alpha1beta1 Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha . [62] Seneca had described Sirius as being of a deeper red than Mars. It is often colloquially called the "Dog Star" as the brightest star of Canis Major, the "Great Dog" constellation. There are seven main types of stars. They also served as latitude markers; the declination of Sirius matches the latitude of the archipelago of Fiji at 17S and thus passes directly over the islands each sidereal day. Forget what youve heard on forums or from word-of-mouth about magnification limits; just plug in a strong eyepiece. Now, an international team of astronomers, using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to isolate the light from the white dwarf, called Sirius B, has been able to measure precisely the white dwarf's mass based on how its intense gravitational field alters the wavelengths of light emitted by the star. Sirius is colloquially known as the "Dog Star", reflecting its prominence in its constellation, Canis Major (the Greater Dog). More like 0.6 to 0.8 times the Sun's mass. Located at a distance of only 8.7 light-years from the sun, it is the fifth nearest star known. The best fit to the data indicates a six-year orbit around SiriusA and a mass of 0.06M. You should not use less than half the magnifications indicated above: In other words, for a 200mm (8-inch) scope, stay between 200x and 400x. This is the best method. With a visual apparent magnitude of 1.46, Sirius is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The numbers given for Luminosity,Radius, and Mass are in comparison to the Sun. luminosity is only about 2 percent that of the Sun. [101] Analyses in 2003 and 2005 found Sirius's membership in the group to be questionable: the Ursa Major Group has an estimated age of 500 100million years, whereas Sirius, with metallicity similar to the Sun's, has an age that is only half this, making it too young to belong to the group. For a 150mm (6-inch) scope, 300x is not too much; for a 200mm (8-inch) scope, up to 400x; for a 300mm (12-inch) scope, up to 600x. = . This ruled out any objects orbiting SiriusA with more than 0.033solar mass (35Jupiter masses) orbiting in 0.5years, and 0.014 (15 Jupiter masses) in 2years. At a distance of 2.64 parsecs (8.6ly), the Sirius system is one of Earth's nearest neighbours. The Pawnee of Nebraska had several associations; the Wolf (Skidi) tribe knew it as the "Wolf Star", while other branches knew it as the "Coyote Star". The Dogon people are an ethnic group in Mali, West Africa, reported by some researchers to have traditional astronomical knowledge about Sirius that would normally be considered impossible without the use of telescopes. Around 120 million years ago, Sirius B was a large white star five times as massive as the sun, but it has since passed through the red giant phase. The orbit of Sirius B can take the star in front of Sirius A, briefly lowering the total luminosity. We use the symbol L Sun to denote the Sun's luminosity; hence, that of Sirius can be written as 25 L Sun. [87], SiriusA has a mass of 2.063M. The Ursa Major Group is a set of 220stars that share a common motion through space. Procyon A is much older than its companion, at around 1.87 billion years while Procyon B is 1.37 billion years old. you can use the equation for calculating brightness from luminosity and distance I mentioned in post #6. [19], In theosophy, it is believed the Seven Stars of the Pleiades transmit the spiritual energy of the Seven Rays from the Galactic Logos to the Seven Stars of the Great Bear, then to Sirius. A good 100mm (4-inch) scope or larger should split it in the upcoming years. A name is preferred, even if it's a random made-up one by yourself. At just 8.7 light years away, Sirius is the seventh closest star to Earth. The Serer high priests and priestesses (Saltigues, the hereditary "rain priests"[141]) chart Yoonir in order to forecast rainfall and enable Serer farmers to start planting seeds. While Sirius A, the main component, is a large white star twice as massive as the sun, Sirius B, the companion, is a white dwarf. These observing conditions are more easily met in the Southern Hemisphere, owing to the southerly declination of Sirius. [64] It was the standard white star in ancient China, and multiple records from the 2ndcentury BC up to the 7thcentury AD all describe Sirius as white. [15] meaning iron is 316% as abundant as in the Sun's atmosphere. Type: Binary star system including a main-sequence star and white dwarf star. What we in astronomy call seeing is what others call turbulence. La Essap despidi a una funcionaria luego de que se hiciera viral su confesin de que en horario laboral se dedicaba a otras actividades que nada tenan que ver con sus labores en la oficina. [148], Composer Karlheinz Stockhausen, who wrote a piece called Sirius, is claimed to have said on several occasions that he came from a planet in the Sirius system. The luminosity of a star depends on its surface temperature and its diameter. [19] The heliacal rising of Sirius marked the flooding of the Nile in Ancient Egypt and the "dog days" of summer for the ancient Greeks, while to the Polynesians, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, the star marked winter and was an important reference for their navigation around the Pacific Ocean. Based on the Hubble measurements of the redshift, Sirius B has a mass that is 98 percent that of our own Sun. Only objects with a magnitude of 6.5 or less can be seen on a clear night. The Ancient Greeks thought that Sirius's emanations could affect dogs adversely, making them behave abnormally during the "dog days", the hottest days of the summer. [57] The discrepancy was first noted by amateur astronomer Thomas Barker, squire of Lyndon Hall in Rutland, who prepared a paper and spoke at a meeting of the Royal Society in London in 1760. Use high-concentration alcohol (90% or better) and Q-tips. Radius: 1.71 times greater than the Sun. Tt, T_, TT, a or b, b or c. Except the brightness difference between Rigel A and B is much less than the difference between Sirius A and B, which makes Rigel a much easier double to split. If the R.A. is positive, then it's eastwards and vice versa. Sirius is a binary star dominated by a luminous main sequence star, Sirius A, with an apparent magnitude of -1.46. [107] The Greek word itself may have been imported from elsewhere before the Archaic period,[108] one authority suggesting a link with the Egyptian god Osiris. Below is a tabular view of the star facts with the values of the Sun on the right so you can compare them against our star, the Sun. Or use cotton balls if your fingers are less sensitive and youre afraid youll scratch the mirror. [25], Sirius appears bright because of its intrinsic luminosity and its proximity to the Solar System. The celestial hemisphere is equivalent to the hemispheres on Earth. In this, the arrow tip is pointed at the wolf Sirius. In Serer religious cosmology, it is the symbol of the universe. bella vista catholic charities housing; wills point tx funeral homes; ptvi triathlon distance; is frankie beverly in the hospital; birria tacos long branch; [61] He cited not only Ptolemy but also the poet Aratus, the orator Cicero, and general Germanicus all calling the star red, though acknowledging that none of the latter three authors were astronomers, the last two merely translating Aratus's poem Phaenomena. When Sirius B died, it would not have exploded in a Supernova explosion as it would have been too small. Luminosity is the intrinsic or actual amount of light given off by an object. Dont confuse it with a diffraction artifact from the primary. C pH9 The system is between 200 and 300million years old. Sirius is highly visible in the Northern Hemisphere's winter night sky, because the star has a high luminosity, or intrinsic brightness, relative to other stars, and because it's relatively close . [126], Sirius is mentioned in Surah, An-Najm ("The Star"), of the Qur'an, where it is given the name (transliteration: a-i'r or ash-shira; the leader). [38], In 1868, Sirius became the first star to have its velocity measured, the beginning of the study of celestial radial velocities.
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sirius b luminosity in comparison to sun